LET'S TALK ACNE

WHAT IS

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ACNE

Acne is a skin condition marked by the presence of unsightly blemishes, from flat and uninflamed blackheads to larger puss-filled pimples that are sore, painful, or tender and are usually widespread.

Acne is an inherited disorder of the pores – pores that shed dead skin cells much faster than normal. Normal pores shed about one layer of dead skin cells per day inside the pore. The acne-prone pore sheds up

to five layers of dead skin cells per day and the body just can’t keep

up. This forms the microcomedone, the beginning of all acne. Taking

up to 90 days, it turns into blackheads or congestion under the skin;

or if bacteria is present (which just loves to feed on the dead skin

cells and oil), it turns into inflamed pimples or pustules and

maybe even cysts. Acne occurs most often in young adults

and can be caused by a variety of factors.

What is

ACNE

Acne is a skin condition marked by the presence of unsightly blemishes, from flat and uninflamed blackheads to larger puss-filled pimples that are sore, painful, or tender and are usually widespread.

Acne is an inherited disorder of the pores – pores that shed dead skin cells much faster than normal. Normal pores shed about one layer of dead skin

cells per day inside the pore. The acne-prone pore sheds up to five layers of dead skin cells per day and the body just can’t keep up. This forms the

microcomedone, the beginning of all acne. Taking up to 90 days, it turns into blackheads or congestion under the skin; or if bacteria is present

(which just loves to feed on the dead skin cells and oil), it turns

into inflamed pimples or pustules and maybe even cysts. Acne occurs most often in young adults and can be caused by a variety of factors.

What Causes Acne?

Your hair follicles are small tubes that hold a strand of your hair. There are several glands that empty into your hair follicles. When too much material is inside your hair follicle, a clog occurs.

Your Pores Can Clog With

Sebum: An oily substance that provides a protective barrier for your skin.

Dead skin cells: Your skin cells shed often to make room for more cells to grow. When your skin releases dead skin cells, they can get stuck in your hair follicles.

Bacteria: Small amounts of bacteria naturally live on your skin. If you have too much bacteria, it can clog your pores

Acne develops

sebum — an oily

substance that lubricates

your hair and skin — and

dead skin cells plug hair follicles. Bacteria can trigger inflammation and infection resulting in more severe acne.

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What are the leading contributing factors that cause acne?

To truly get to the root of the problem, we need to figure out what’s triggering your bumps in the first place. But what causes adult acne, exactly? A variety of factors—from diet to hormones to your daily skin care routine—could be to blame.

Getting to the route of the problem

Your hormones influence your entire body, including your skin. Acne, at its most basic level, is caused by hormonal stimulation of oil production. This is why so many women experience acne during their period, pregnancy, and menopause. Certain health conditions can also lead to hormonal imbalances, the most common being polycystic ovarian syndrome, a condition in which women produce excess androgens (aka testosterone), These hormones boost oil production, resulting in clogged pores where acne bacteria flourishes. Hello, pimples.

Stress
We’ve all been there: You’re going through an incredibly difficult week at work and then, bam, Mr. Giant Angry Zit shows up to make things even worse. While the correlation has long been suspected, researchers are just now starting to study the link between stress and adult acne.

Case in point: In a 2017 study of 144 female medical students, researchers used an acne grading system and a self-reported stress test to analyze the link between the two. They found that women who had higher stress scores experienced significantly worse acne lesions. You can once again blame hormones for this one. “Stress leads to a surge in hormones that promote oil production,” explains Dr. Zeichner, such as cortisol and androgens. “This, in turn, blocks the pores promoting breakouts.” How to clear up stress-related acne: Chill out! Finding a way to reduce stress—whether it be through exercise, meditation, or taking 20 minutes to read a book each day—is not only beneficial for your physical and mental health, but it may also help keep your skin clear, says Dr. Farber.

Identifying Acne Types

Blanket terms like breakouts and blemishes are often used to describe acne. However, these terms hardly take into account the specific differences between acne types. In reality, there are dozens of different types of acne, each with varying symptoms, appearances, and treatment remedies.

It’s important to know how to distinguish each type of acne before lumping your potential symptoms into a generic “breakout” category.

Although there are dozens of different types of acne, the most common types include: